Updated proposal

Got to update and represent the thesis proposals. The overall approach, I would say, is being further articulated in my owon mind in terms of which direction I see the project going. 

Summary of thesis proposal and site: "Fietas". 

Where I see the possible intervention being.  Possible site is sits on 8th street, along a proposed "Corridors of Freedom" development and the Brixton Cemetery. The sites are gaps/open spaces left over after the 1970's forced removals.

Feedback from the presentation:

- Defining terms: With the idea of "SOCIETAL TRANSFORMATION THROUGH ARCHITECTURAL SPATIAL DESIGN", it may be good to represent what I mean by those terms. Spending time unpacking these may be very helpful. 
- Because my concept has much to do with people, it is important that I find a "client", or identify and explore social patterns. I need to identify the "agents" on site, and go deeper in exploring those networks to see how spatial design can respond. 
- These will inform the next steps I take...

Reflections from Nairobi, Kenya

Together with colleagues from UJ_Unit2 we got to travel to the city of Nairobi, Kenya.

The objective of the visit was to explore informality within the context of Nairobi to see what lessons we could learn that could be applied to our local South African context. 

The city of Nairobi, though quite urbanized, has a large population living in informal settlements in the edges of the inner city (similar to Johannesburg). This population seems to play an important role in the economy of the city. and there's quite a major and rapidly increasing need of housing. 

What we got up to

Informality in Kenya and Slum Dwellers International

On various days of the trip we got to visit different informal contexts around the city, guided by members of Munganu (an organisation working on development in the slums of Nairobi and a part of the Slum Dwellers international group). 

Discussion with Munganu reps on mapping informal settlements 

The organisation works with a few of the slums/informal settlements within Nairobi, the 2 that we visited were named Kiberu and Makhuru. Through a long process of mapping and gaining the trust of the local slum dwellers, the group has somewhat seemed to become a mediator between the slum dwellers and the local authorities/"higher level structures.

I found this role played by Munganu (made up of designers, law practitioners and some others) to be quite crucial in engaging the various parties involved in the major need of housing in the city. 

Kiberu Informal Market, a crucial economic factor for the locals 

Sketch Drawn at an informal market in Kibera Slum

Kiberu Railway Housing project 
How to meet the rapid demand of housing, with limited space and resources is a real challenge that needed to be responded to in Kenya.

A "project" we got to see was the Kiberu Railway housing project. This is a large low-cost housing development provided for a number of residents who had settled along the rail tracks of the Kenya Railway company.

Retail components of the housing development, detached from the residential component. 

Kibera Housing development adjacent to the Kenya Railway rails 

The housing development was being built on the property of the Railway company. Although  the design arguably could have been more considered, the fact that the housing was provided was a major milestone after a long, complicated process of negotiations, conflict, collaboration and engagement between the slum dwellers (a major asset to the local economy but in need of housing), the Railway Company (who owned the property), the local government as well as the Munganu/Slum Dwellers international group.

Illustration of the process that resulted in the Kiberu Railway Housing development. 

Visiting UN Habitat 
We also got to a chance to receive a few presentations at the UN habitat headquarters. The presentations included pilot projects done by the UN both at an urban scale and at an architecture/built scale of a community centre in the heart of one of the local slums (Kiberu Soweto Slub).

UJ_Unit2 Students at UN Habitat Headquarters. 

I was somewhat impressed at seeing a world-wide organisation as the UN taking part in implementing on-the-ground projects. One of the presentations we received was on pilot projects that looked at implementing the policies for urban development set by the UN. 

Something that stood out in particular was the changing approach that the UN took, that looked at on site solutions to addressing the informality and housing needs. The approaches included the Participatory Slum Upgrading Program, which offered an online platform for locals to give their inputs. 

Kiberu Soweto Slum, in view of new housing development

I'm told that the move in this direction, as opposed to a mass, top-down supply of housing, is a growing paradigm shift. 

Lessons learnt

Nairobi and Johannesburg

The city of Nairobi has some similarities to Johannesburg which I think could be learnt from when responding to local challenges on an urban and architectural scale. 

Some similarities to Johannesburg included the patterns of informal settlements on the edges of the city, with transport networks connecting them to the city.

Lessons from informality. 

In considering Johannesburg and Kenya, from the 2 contexts, informality seems to be a reality that will be around for some time. This is where the majority of (both) the cities' residents find themselves.

How people make, use and inhabit their own spaces in such contexts is something that I think can be learnt from. Though the conditions in the informal settlements should be addressed, there's much opportunity in the patterns and systems that residents create for themselves in order to function in the difficult environments. 

Informal housing in Kibera. Home above and retail/ Work below. 

Another of the interesting observations from looking at informal settlements is the "unconventionality" of how the slums developed and exist. Because of how complex and how unpredictable they are, designing for such contexts would require a slightly different approach than one has conventionally taught: responding to dense sites, multiple "clients"/stakeholder, considering a systemic approach.

Where would I fit in

A growing question in my mind has been what the role of the architect is as a spatial designer in scenarios such as Kibera: Where there are various role players, each with their own needs, and rights. Informal settlements are also a spatial challenge, and responding to them also considers the various stakeholders, agency/control and how space contributes to bettering the conditions found in the informal contexts. 

I'm coming to realize that the answer to this question is one that I will be making for myself. 

Architecture exists within a complex system which considers the built form as well as the control of space with the social impacts thereof. 

The issues surrounding informality and informal settlements are far deeper than just spatial limitations. There are also economic factors, land ownership, politics and various other connected issues. Approaching matters of informality involves considering those factors too. 

Thesis initial proposal: The journey begins.

Following our exhibition and final-mid year reviews from the first semesters work, we have officially begun on the major thesis project as Unit2's M.tech_1 class. 

This week we presented our initial ideas for a thesis proposal with considerations of a site. 

We also received feedback from a guest presenter, Emmanuel Nkambule...

Initial Feedback

A few points of feedback from our first presentation of the proposals...

- I may have to further define the problem identified as an architectural one. 

- Fietas is quite a difficult site, especially in terms of accessing and documenting the social realities, I'm to consider exactly how I can best extract key findings to inform design. 

- With the above, one may also consider a clear time-frame to research and extract the findings from the site, and how it is I am to immerse myself in its day-to-day realities. 

- Although I think I'll find this along the process, I'm still to clearly state what the "product" is to be and who my "client" is.

Reflections and summary from Semester 1 in UJ_Unit2

Mid-year exam review and exhibition at Bjala Sq, Jeppestown

July 2015 marked the beginning of semester 2 at UJ and we ended of the first semester with our mid-year exam review and an exhibition of all our Semester 1 work thus far at Bjala Square in Jeppestown. 
It has really been an interesting and pleasantly challenging 6 months being a part of UJ_Unit2

The process

We began with a neighborhood immersion project, which had us grappling with concepts around "community" (as well as other terms we use but take for granted). The second project then looked at infrastructure, and the relationship between people, social systems and built-form (at a neighborhood scale). We then moved to looking at explorations in urban design and architecture. The task involved proposing an architectural interventions, informed by the unique, urban characteristics of the multi-layered Newtown context. The last project had us study the Denver informal settlement (west of Johannesburg). This was followed by the task to design context-sensitive housing "supports", within an Urban Tissue Framework proposed by Unit2. 

The process involved presentations and workshops from various speakers and presenters, most notably, a 2 week intensive with US Professor Stephen Kendall 

Highlights 

There have been a number of highlights in the learning experience, below are just a few

Presenting project 1: Neighbourhood immersion. 

- Before this year, I had no knowledge of Open Building. The past 6 months have been an enjoyable experience of growth in understanding the various concepts of Open Building [Time-based design, architecture and transformation, agency in the built environment (B.E.), Levels of decision making, the close relationship between builtform and the various actors who interact with it, etc...]

- Although still enjoying it, the first part of the year was initially more abstract and conceptual. The exercise with Prof. Kendall was great in helping me grasp the technical aspects of Open Building, a major stepping stone. 

- Being granted the great opportunity to attend the Future of Open Building conference, in Zurich Switzerland. (See announcement)

- Growth and (still) developing my own architectural "voice". In looking at the BE as an ecosystemic whole, Unit2 has been a great help in articulating my own understanding of architecture and the B.E. 

- This year more, than ever, I've seen the greater potential of architecture as a tool for service. (That's the basic idea behind the title "Mission-arch" ("missionary architecture")). Open Building has strengthened the understanding of the close relationship between spatial design as having social impacts. 

- Have really enjoyed various presentations throughout the year, from Liz Ogbu, past Mtech students, other professionals and recently Emmanuel Nkambule.

What I take away 

Looking to explore some of the lessons learnt in semester 1, through a personal lens of how I see my role as an (aspiring) architect; together with testing and also questioning my own convictions as a "spatial practitioner" 

UJ_Unit2_P5_Part 2 // Design Resolution

Street View showing framework to enable "informal" trader stalls

Trade pavement edge: Relationship between urban principles and the architecture. 

The Base Building at first floor level, without any infill.
Includes shared vertical circulation,
Adaptable facade elements
Punch-through opportunities for internal vertical circulation.  

View from of support from park & children s play space

UJ_Unit2_P5_Part 2 // Design Development

Design approach

The question I asked myself for this project and which drove the design process was: "How can the design of the base building enable its occupants to design and define their own spaces...?"

- This was drawn from looking at how that is the current practice, with shack-dwellers making and defining their own personal residential spaces, within the restrictions and opportunities of the informal settlement. 

The base building/support as a mediator...

With the context being made up of the 2 extremes of the fixed/rigid hostel development, and temporary/flexible shacks, I also considered the base-building as a possible mediator between these 2 typologies. There are positive principles one draws from both. (listed above)

Design principles 

- Reinforcing positive social realities and the agency of occupants

- Occupants flexibly design individual spaces within the fixed framework of the base-building

- The urban environment to form a part of the overall "support"

- Base building as a mediator, between permanent and temporary physical elements, territorial boundaries, and residents. 

Site location 

Site situated immediately adjacent to Hostels

Tissue model principles for assigned walk up typology

Functions from urban framework

Possible scenarios of occupants within mixed use development

Flexibility within a fixed framework

The base building, as a system, is designed in such a way as to offer occupants with the ability to define their individual spaces in terms of layout, size and function. 

Base building | Infill

Questions of which pat of the building is fixed and which parts are flexible. 

Ownership | Control

Exploring who  (between the developer and the occupant) owns the various elements of the building, compared with who controls them. 

UJ_Unit2_P5_Part 2 // Denver: First Impressions

Collage of ones initial impressions on the first (and last) site visit to Denver

The major features being the informal settlement's condition, in terms of built form and spatial layout. The hostel and re-appropriated factory buildings also stood out...
Really appreciated the residents' industrious use of material and minimal space, even though the physical environment was in a less than ideal condition.